MAJOR SHUI-TIN "ARTHUR" CHIN "FIRST OF THE TIGERS"
CHINESE-AMERICAN HERO
“陳瑞鈿” “飛虎第一人”華裔美籍英雄
Born and raised in Portland Oregon, a typical American kid of his generation, Arthur Chin worked at odd jobs to earn extra money for flying lessons while still in high school. He was busy earning his private pilot's license when Imperial Japan began its bid for the military conquest of China. Alarmed by Japan's growing military aggression in North China, Portland's Chinese-American community decided it could best help Chinese resistance by supplying China with a pool of potential military aviators made up of young American men of Chinese ancestry.
出生在俄勒岡州的波特蘭,一個典型的美國小孩,當陳瑞鈿還在讀中學時,他靠打零工來賺取他飛行課程的所需費用。當日本對中國發動軍事侵略時他正在忙於考私人飛行執照。隨著日軍日益增加對中國北方的軍事侵略的警告,波特蘭的中美團體決定通過向中國提供一批由年輕的美國人——他們的祖先是中國人——組成的有潛能的軍事飛行員來幫助中國抗日。
In 1932, nineteen year old Arthur Chin and thirteen other young Chinese-Americans sailed for Shanghai, China. However, once in China, several of the young volunteers found they could not qualify for flying jobs with the differing organizations that then passed for a National Chinese Air Force.
1932年,19歲的陳瑞鈿和其他13名年青的中美混血兒航行到中國的上海。然而,一到中國,他們當中有幾名年青志願者發現他們沒有資格勝任不同的組織即後來被稱作是中國空軍的飛行工作。
Following several weeks of inconclusive interviews with uncertain government officials Arthur was accepted as a probationary Warrant Officer pilot in the Cantonese Air Force.
在和一些政府官員的幾周會見後,陳瑞鈿作爲一名在廣東空軍試用的一級准尉而被接受。
In the 1920's and 30's it was routine for the Chinese military to send its promising young officers to advanced military training courses in Germany, Italy and the Soviet Union; Arthur was sent to Germany where he was trained in advanced fighter tactics by the German Luftwaffe at its Fighter School at Bie Munich.
在20世紀20年代和30年代,作爲中國軍方的例行公事,把這些年青的有前途的官員送往德國、義大利和蘇聯接受先進的軍事訓練課程。陳瑞鈿被送往德國,他在慕尼黑的飛行學校接受著德國空軍的先進的飛行戰術訓練。
Upon his return to China, Arthur Chin was posted to the 6th Squadron of the Cantonese Air Force and promoted to the rank of 1st Lieutenant. In mid-1937, Arthur was transferred to the 28th Squadron, 5th Group as the squadron's vice commander. At that time, the 28th Squadron was equipped with the nimble Curtiss Hawk, biplane fighter.
在返回中國後,陳瑞鈿被編入廣東空軍第6中隊並提升爲中尉。在1937年中期,陳瑞鈿作爲中隊的副中隊長被編入第5大隊28中隊。在那時,第28中隊有著敏捷的柯蒂斯雙翼飛機的裝備。
On August 13, 1937, the Japanese initiated the first major battles of the Second World War with an all-out attack on Shanghai, China's great seaport city.
1937年8月13日,日軍發動了第一次主要的“二戰”的戰鬥——襲擊中國重要的港口城市上海。
The following day, August the 14th, would see the first large scale clash between Chinese and Japanese aviators, when a large force of Japanese bombers raided the city of Hangzhou and the Chinese air training field at Jianqiao. Although outnumbered and outclassed by the more powerful Japanese air forces, the few Chinese fighters that rose to meet the attack were able to destroy 6 of the attacking bombers.
第二天(8月14日),當大量日軍轟炸機群襲擊杭州筧橋的中國空軍訓練場地時,中國和日本飛行員之間發生了激烈的戰鬥。儘管他們數量衆多,火力強大,但是少量的中國飛行員勇敢的迎接戰鬥,並擊毀了六架正在進攻的日本飛機。
Within a few days, Arthur would fight his first aerial combat where he shared in the destruction of a Japanese bomber with several other pilots of his squadron. Two days later, he was credited with the destruction of a Mitsubishi Type 96 twin engine bomber on his own.
在幾天裏,陳瑞鈿指揮了他的第一次空戰,他與他所在的中隊其他飛行員一起擊毀了一架日本的轟炸機。兩天後,他單獨擊毀了一架Mitsubishi Type 96 雙引擎的轟炸機。
In the months that followed, Arthur's squadron replaced its older American Hawk fighters with newer British Gloster Gladiators. Flying the faster and better armed British fighters, Arthur's squadron was one of the few Chinese fighter units able to meet the Japanese on a nearly equal basis. By the summer of 1938 Arthur had added two and a half more Japanese aircraft to his score, had been promoted to the rank of captain and was commanding the 28th Fighter Squadron.
在以後的幾個月裏,陳瑞鈿領導的中隊以新的英國格洛斯特格鬥者代替了年老的美國戰鷹戰鬥機。因爲英國戰鬥機更快和更好,陳瑞鈿的中隊是那些中國飛行員有能力在幾乎相等的基礎上能與日軍面對面作戰的單位之一。在1938年夏,陳瑞鈿在他的得分上又增加了兩架多敵機,被提升爲上尉和指揮第28戰鬥中隊。
Always fighting on the defensive and nearly always outnumbered in the air, Arthur and his squadron mates continued to claim Japanese victories. By mid-1939, Arthur was officially credited with the destruction of five and a half Japanese aircraft and could boast the title of Fighter Ace. As such, Arthur along two other young Chinese-Americans who had accompanied him to China, who like Arthur, had also destroyed five Japanese aircraft, were the first American Fighter Aces of the Second World War.
在日本空中數量幾乎總是多過他們的戰鬥中,陳瑞鈿和他的中隊伙伴繼續取得勝利。到1939年中期,陳瑞鈿被認爲擊毀了5架敵機並榮登王牌飛行員的排行榜。同樣地,陳瑞鈿和另外兩名與他一起來中國的華裔美國人,就像他一樣,也擊毀了5架敵機,也是第一批“二戰”時的美國王牌飛行員。
Unfortunately, Arthur's many combat victories did not come without a personal price, in repeatedly taking-on swarms of Japanese fighters, he would himself be shot down and wounded on three occasions.
不幸地是,陳瑞鈿的許多戰鬥勝利都沒有合計在個人戰績裏,在面對著一大群敵機時,他被擊落,受了三次傷。
On December the 27th, 1939, Arthur would fly his final aerial combat mission by leading a flight of three Gladiator fighters against a large force of Japanese bombers. In the ensuing battle, Arthur's Gladiator was hit by Japanese gunfire and burst into flames. Somehow, as a storm of burning aviation gasoline engulfed his airplane, Arthur managed to free himself from the Gladiator's blazing cockpit, and parachute safely to the ground.
1939年12月27日,陳瑞鈿帶領三名飛行員的轟炸機執行他最後一次空戰任務時。陳瑞鈿的“格鬥者”被日軍槍火擊傷和開始冒煙,一股燃燒的大火包圍了他的飛機,陳瑞鈿想方設法從他的座艙裏逃脫了出來,並安全地降落在地面上。
Badly burned and semi-conscious, Arthur landed in a Chinese held section of the battlefield, and was quickly rescued by Chinese soldiers. However, due to heavy fighting and the primitive conditions of the battlefield, it would be three long and agonizing days before he received any sort of proper medical care.
由於嚴重的燒傷和半昏迷狀態,陳瑞鈿降落在中國的戰場後迅速地被中國士兵營救。然而,由於繁重的戰鬥和惡劣的環境,在被接受醫療治療之前,他渡過了三天的艱苦的日子。
The treatment of his injuries would required years of painful surgeries, and through the efforts of General Claire Chennault and Madame Chiang Kai-shek, Arthur was eventually sent home and treated by some of the leading plastic surgeons in the United States.
他的傷勢治療做了好幾次的外科手術,通過陳納德將軍和蔣夫人的努力,陳瑞鈿最終被送回他的家鄉接受一些整形外科醫生的治療。
After nearly five years of recovery and rehabilitation, Major Arthur Chin was reinstated to flight status and returned to operational flying in China. Assigned to CNAC, the China National Aviation Corporation, Arthur ended his war-time flying career at the controls of C-47 and C-46 transports planes, flying badly needed war supplies into China over the treacherous "Hump" air route from India.
在近5年的復元,陳瑞鈿由恢復了飛行員身份和再次來到中國的飛行戰場。被編入中國航空公司,陳瑞鈿結束了他的戰爭時期的飛行職業生涯,管理著C-47和C-46運輸機,從印度到中國的險惡的“駝峰”航線運輸著中國最需要的戰略物資。
With the end of the Second World War, and the great tumult of China’s growing Civil War, Arthur returned to his native Portland, where still recovering from the terrible burns of his last aerial combat, he would take a job with the US Postal Service and quietly raised a family.
隨著二戰的結束,陳瑞鈿回到了他的家鄉波特蘭,在那養治他在最後一次空戰中所受的傷,他找到了一份在美國郵政服務的工作,養活著家庭。
On October the 4th, 1997, some sixty years after his first aerial combat, and one month and one day after his death from a long illness, Arthur Chin - the kid fighter pilot from Portland, who traveled half-way around the world to defend his father's homeland, was posthumously honored as one of the first seven American aviators ever inducted into the American Combat Airmen's Hall of Fame.
1997年10月4日,在他第一次空戰後的六十年,在他由於長期疾病的折磨而去世後,陳瑞鈿-來自波特蘭的年青的飛行員,曾飛越大半個世界來保衛他父親的祖國,作爲第一批7個人的美國飛行員曾在美國戰鬥空軍部服役而被紀念著。
轉載自網路
另外請參考:
http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/china_chin.htm
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